CLINICAL UNIT BASED RESEARCH
Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory
North Belknap (click to enlarge) |
The Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory is a clinical research laboratory focused on studying the relationship between psychiatric symptoms, brain structure, and brain function.
Brain electrical activity is measured through high-density electroencephalography (EEG) and through EEG derived event-related potential measures (ERPs). The structure of the brain is measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), through collaboration with the McLean Brain Imaging Center.
A brainwave experiment |
Our current ERP studies include basic auditory sensory stimulation, simple target detection tasks, and complex reading tasks. These brain activity measures are related to measures of the specific brain areas from which they arise (such as the auditory cortex in the temporal lobe). The laboratory specializes in the examination of patients with psychosis. Our subjects include a large cohort of first-episode patients, entering the hospital with psychiatric symptoms for the first time of their lives, and we follow these patients during the first few years of their disease to look for any changes in brain activity or structure during the early course of the illness.
The Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory has been in operation since 1990 and is affiliated with with Harvard Medical School, Boston VA Healthcare System - Brockton Division, and the Surgical Planning Laboratory at Brigham and Women's Hospital.
Personnel
- Dean F. Salisbury, Ph.D. - Director; Associate Professor, Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry
- Robert W. McCarley, MD. - Co-Director; Professor, Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry. Head, Laboratory of Neuroscience, and Deputy Chief of Staff for Mental Health, Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA
- Martha E. Shenton, Ph.D. - Co-Director; Professor, Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry. Director, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience Division, Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, and Director, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Imaging, Surgical Planning Laboratory, MRI Division, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
Selected Publications
- Salisbury DF, Shenton ME, Sherwood AR, Fischer IA, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Tohen M, McCarley RW. (1998). First episode schizophrenic psychosis differs from first episode affective psychosis and controls in P300 amplitude over left temporal lobe. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55: 173-180.
- Hirayasu Y, Shenton ME, Salisbury DF, Dickey CC, Fischer IA, Mazzoni P, Kisler T, Arakaki H, Kwon JS, Anderson JA, Yurgelun-Todd D, Tohen M, McCarley RW. (1998). Lower left temporal lobe MRI volumes in patients with first-episode schizophrenia compared with psychotic patients with first-episode affective disorder and normal subjects. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155: 1384-1391.
- Salisbury DF, Shenton ME, McCarley RW. (1999). P300 topography differs in schizophrenia and manic psychosis. Biological Psychiatry, 45: 99-106.
- Hirayasu Y, McCarley RW, Salisbury DF, Tanaka S, Kwon JS, Frumin M, Snyderman D, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Kikinis R, Jolesz FA, Shenton ME. (2000). Planum temporale and Heschl's gyrus volume reduction in schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging study of first-episode patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57: 692-699.
- McCarley RW, Salisbury DF, Hirayasu Y, Yurgelun-Todd, DA, Tohen M, Zarate C, Kikinis R, Jolesz FA, Shenton ME. (2002). Association between smaller left posterior superior temporal gyrus MRI volume and smaller left temporal P300 amplitude in first episode schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59: 321-331.
- Kasai K, Shenton ME, Salisbury DF, Hirayasu Y, Lee CU, Ciszewski AA, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Kikinis R, Jolesz FA, McCarley RW. (2003). Progressive decrease of left superior temporal gyrus gray matter volume in first-episode schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160: 156-164.
- Kasai K, Shenton ME, Salisbury DF, Hirayasu Y, Onitsuka T, Spencer M, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Kikinis R, Jolesz FA, McCarley RW. 2003. Progressive decrease of left Heschl's gyrus and planum temporale gray matter volume in first-episode schizophrenia: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60: 766-765.
- Salisbury DF, Shenton ME, Griggs CB, Bonner-Jackson A, McCarley RW. (2002). Mismatch negativity in chronic schizophrenia and first-episode schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59: 686-694.
- Salisbury DF, O’Donnell BF, McCarley RW, Nestor PG, Shenton ME. (2000). Event-related potentials elicited during a context-free homograph task in normal versus schizophrenic subjects. Psychophysiology, 37: 456-463.
- Sitnikova T, Salisbury DF, Kuperberg G, Holcomb PJ. (2002). Electrophysiological insights into language processing in schizophrenia. Psychophysiology, 39: 851-860.
- Salisbury DF, Shenton ME, Nestor PG, McCarley RW. (2002). Semantic bias, homograph comprehension, and event-related potentials in schizophrenia. Clinical Neurophysiology, 113: 383-395.